Answer four questions in all. One question only from Section A and any three questions from Section B.
You are reminded of the importance of clarity of expression and
orderly presentation of relevant materials.
All questions carry equal marks.
SECTION A
Answer one question only from this section.
(a) Figure 1 below shows the imposition of tax on the sellers of a product. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow.
(a) Identify the price per unit of the product:
(i) before tax; [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) after tax. [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(b) What is the quantity demanded and supplied:
(i) before tax; [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) after tax. [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(c) Determine the amount:
(i) of tax imposed per unit of the product; [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) retained per unit by the sellers after tax. [2 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(d) Calculate the percentage of the total tax imposed that is:
(i) paid by the buyers per unit; ; [4 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) paid by the sellers per unit. [4 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
A public transport company recently increased the price of its service on a particular high traffic route from $ 12 to $ 15 per trip, this resulted in a reduction in the number of commuters from 600 to 580 per day. Use the information above to answer the questions that follow.
(a) Calculate the:
(i) percentage increase in the price Of its service; ; [ marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) percentage decrease in the number of commuters; [ marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(iii) coefficient of price elasticity of demand for its service. [8 marks for i, ii, & iii]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(b) Is the demand for the company's transport service price elastic or inelastic? Give a reason for your answer. [2 marks]
×
The Poro Society role in the development of traditional Liberian society
Teaching Boys to Become Men: The Poro Society helped young boys grow into men. They taught them how to be responsible adults through special ceremonies and lessons.
Passing on Culture and Traditions: The Poro Society helped teach young people about the customs, stories, and history of their people, keeping their culture alive.
Teaching Right and Wrong: Members of the Poro Society taught young people the rules of good behavior, like being honest, respectful, and brave, to help keep peace in the community.
Solving Problems: The Poro Society helped solve problems and settle fights between people. They made sure everyone followed the community’s rules and lived in peace.
Helping with Work and Cooperation: The Poro Society encouraged people to work together, like farming and sharing resources. This helped the whole community work better together.
(c) What is the effect of the increase in the price of its transport service on the company's revenue? Give a reason for your answer. [6 marks]
×
The Poro Society role in the development of traditional Liberian society
Teaching Boys to Become Men: The Poro Society helped young boys grow into men. They taught them how to be responsible adults through special ceremonies and lessons.
Passing on Culture and Traditions: The Poro Society helped teach young people about the customs, stories, and history of their people, keeping their culture alive.
Teaching Right and Wrong: Members of the Poro Society taught young people the rules of good behavior, like being honest, respectful, and brave, to help keep peace in the community.
Solving Problems: The Poro Society helped solve problems and settle fights between people. They made sure everyone followed the community’s rules and lived in peace.
Helping with Work and Cooperation: The Poro Society encouraged people to work together, like farming and sharing resources. This helped the whole community work better together.
(d) From your answers in 2(a)(iii), is it rational for the transport company to increase the price of its service in order to increase revenue? Explain your answer. [4 marks]
×
The Poro Society role in the development of traditional Liberian society
Teaching Boys to Become Men: The Poro Society helped young boys grow into men. They taught them how to be responsible adults through special ceremonies and lessons.
Passing on Culture and Traditions: The Poro Society helped teach young people about the customs, stories, and history of their people, keeping their culture alive.
Teaching Right and Wrong: Members of the Poro Society taught young people the rules of good behavior, like being honest, respectful, and brave, to help keep peace in the community.
Solving Problems: The Poro Society helped solve problems and settle fights between people. They made sure everyone followed the community’s rules and lived in peace.
Helping with Work and Cooperation: The Poro Society encouraged people to work together, like farming and sharing resources. This helped the whole community work better together.
SECTION B
Answer three questions only from this section.
(a) Explain how inflation can lead to unemployment. [4 marks]
×
How inflation can lead to unemployment
Inflation means prices of things go up, so money doesn’t buy as much as before. When prices go up too much, people stop buying as many things because they can’t afford it. When businesses see people not buying as much, they don’t make enough money. This can make them reduce how much they produce.
When businesses make less money, they might fire workers or reduce how many people they hire. This means more people lose their jobs or can’t find work, and unemployment goes up. People may also get fewer hours at their jobs because businesses don’t need as many workers.
Inflation can also cause the government to raise interest rates, making it more expensive for businesses to borrow money. When borrowing is expensive, businesses may not want to expand or hire more workers. This can make the problem of unemployment even worse.
(b) Other things being equal, an increase in demand will cause equilibrium price and quantity to rise. With the aid of diagrams, explain the extent of this rise when supply is:
(i) fairly elastic; ; [8 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) fairly inelastic. [8 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(a) Distinguish between a monopoly and monopolistic competition.
[6 marks]
×
The formation of the Commonwealth of Liberia in 1839.
Unification of Settlements: The need to unite the various settlements established by freed African Americans along the coast, such as Monrovia, Greenville, and Buchanan, motivated the formation. This unity strengthened the governance and coordination of resources.
Protection from External Threats: The settlers faced threats from indigenous groups and European colonial powers. The Commonwealth provided a collective defense structure to ensure the security and stability of the settlements.
Self-Governance: The desire for greater autonomy from the American Colonization Society (ACS) influenced the creation of the Commonwealth. It allowed settlers to exercise more control over their political and economic affairs.
Economic Development: The settlers wanted to work together to improve farming, trade, and business opportunities to make life better for everyone. They believed a strong economy would help the settlements grow and become more self-sufficient.
Creating a Shared Identity: The Commonwealth sought to foster a collective identity among settlers of African descent. The settlers aimed to create a sense of unity by embracing their shared history and culture. They wanted to build a community where everyone felt connected and worked together to establish a new home.
(b) Describe how the downward sloping demand curve of a monopolist limits his monopoly power.
[5 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(c) Explain how the following factors influence the price in a perfect market:
(i) homogeneity of products sold; [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) large number of buyers and sellers; [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(iii) perfect knowledge; [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(a) Define labour.
[2 marks]
×
The formation of the Commonwealth of Liberia in 1839.
Unification of Settlements: The need to unite the various settlements established by freed African Americans along the coast, such as Monrovia, Greenville, and Buchanan, motivated the formation. This unity strengthened the governance and coordination of resources.
Protection from External Threats: The settlers faced threats from indigenous groups and European colonial powers. The Commonwealth provided a collective defense structure to ensure the security and stability of the settlements.
Self-Governance: The desire for greater autonomy from the American Colonization Society (ACS) influenced the creation of the Commonwealth. It allowed settlers to exercise more control over their political and economic affairs.
Economic Development: The settlers wanted to work together to improve farming, trade, and business opportunities to make life better for everyone. They believed a strong economy would help the settlements grow and become more self-sufficient.
Creating a Shared Identity: The Commonwealth sought to foster a collective identity among settlers of African descent. The settlers aimed to create a sense of unity by embracing their shared history and culture. They wanted to build a community where everyone felt connected and worked together to establish a new home.
(b) Differentiate between division of labour and efficiency of labour.
[6 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(c) Outline four ways in which a Chief Executive Officer of a company can make his employees more efficient.
[12 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
Import substitution strategy has been adopted by many West African countries to bring about industrialization and reduce reliance on imports. In view of the above statement,
(a) define industrialization;
[2 marks]
×
The formation of the Commonwealth of Liberia in 1839.
Unification of Settlements: The need to unite the various settlements established by freed African Americans along the coast, such as Monrovia, Greenville, and Buchanan, motivated the formation. This unity strengthened the governance and coordination of resources.
Protection from External Threats: The settlers faced threats from indigenous groups and European colonial powers. The Commonwealth provided a collective defense structure to ensure the security and stability of the settlements.
Self-Governance: The desire for greater autonomy from the American Colonization Society (ACS) influenced the creation of the Commonwealth. It allowed settlers to exercise more control over their political and economic affairs.
Economic Development: The settlers wanted to work together to improve farming, trade, and business opportunities to make life better for everyone. They believed a strong economy would help the settlements grow and become more self-sufficient.
Creating a Shared Identity: The Commonwealth sought to foster a collective identity among settlers of African descent. The settlers aimed to create a sense of unity by embracing their shared history and culture. They wanted to build a community where everyone felt connected and worked together to establish a new home.
(b) other than import substitution, explain any two strategies that can be adopted to reduce reliance on imports;.
[6 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(c) outline any four measures that can be adopted to increase the Volume of exports in any country.
[12 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(a) Define economic growth.
[2 marks]
×
The formation of the Commonwealth of Liberia in 1839.
Unification of Settlements: The need to unite the various settlements established by freed African Americans along the coast, such as Monrovia, Greenville, and Buchanan, motivated the formation. This unity strengthened the governance and coordination of resources.
Protection from External Threats: The settlers faced threats from indigenous groups and European colonial powers. The Commonwealth provided a collective defense structure to ensure the security and stability of the settlements.
Self-Governance: The desire for greater autonomy from the American Colonization Society (ACS) influenced the creation of the Commonwealth. It allowed settlers to exercise more control over their political and economic affairs.
Economic Development: The settlers wanted to work together to improve farming, trade, and business opportunities to make life better for everyone. They believed a strong economy would help the settlements grow and become more self-sufficient.
Creating a Shared Identity: The Commonwealth sought to foster a collective identity among settlers of African descent. The settlers aimed to create a sense of unity by embracing their shared history and culture. They wanted to build a community where everyone felt connected and worked together to establish a new home.
(b) Explain any three roles performed by commercial banks to aid economic growth.
[9 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(c) Outline any three functions of the capital market in promoting economic growth.
[9 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
(a) Define economic integration.
[2 marks]
×
The formation of the Commonwealth of Liberia in 1839.
Unification of Settlements: The need to unite the various settlements established by freed African Americans along the coast, such as Monrovia, Greenville, and Buchanan, motivated the formation. This unity strengthened the governance and coordination of resources.
Protection from External Threats: The settlers faced threats from indigenous groups and European colonial powers. The Commonwealth provided a collective defense structure to ensure the security and stability of the settlements.
Self-Governance: The desire for greater autonomy from the American Colonization Society (ACS) influenced the creation of the Commonwealth. It allowed settlers to exercise more control over their political and economic affairs.
Economic Development: The settlers wanted to work together to improve farming, trade, and business opportunities to make life better for everyone. They believed a strong economy would help the settlements grow and become more self-sufficient.
Creating a Shared Identity: The Commonwealth sought to foster a collective identity among settlers of African descent. The settlers aimed to create a sense of unity by embracing their shared history and culture. They wanted to build a community where everyone felt connected and worked together to establish a new home.
(b) Explain the following forms of integration:
(i) free trade area; [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(ii) customs union; [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(iii) economic union. [3 marks]
×
Problems associated with archaeology.
Preservation of Sites and Artifacts – Many artifacts and sites break down over time due to weather or natural decay. This makes it hard to study and preserve them for the future.
Looting and Illegal Excavation – Some people dig up and steal artifacts illegally. This destroys important information and prevents proper study.
Funding and Resources – Archaeological digs require a lot of money and equipment. Without enough funds, many important sites can’t be properly explored.
Bias and Interpretation – Archaeologists might see things in their own way, which can affect how they understand the past. Different people might interpret the same evidence in different ways.
(c) Outline any three problems that prevents the Economic community of West African States (ECOWAS) from functioning effectively.
[9 marks]
×
The expansion of Liberian territory between 1822 and 1839
American Colonization Society (ACS): The ACS sent free African Americans and former slaves to Africa to start a new life. In 1822, they set up a colony in Liberia, which grew as more people arrived.
Land Deals with Local People: The settlers made agreements with local African groups to buy land. Over time, they gained more land for farming and building settlements.
Defending the Settlements: The settlers had to protect themselves from local tribes who resisted their presence. To do this, they created militias and forts, which helped them control more land.
European Competition: European countries like Britain and France wanted to control parts of West Africa. Liberia needed to defend its land and make sure other countries didn't take it.
More Settlers Arriving: As more free African Americans came to Liberia, they created new settlements and helped the colony expand by claiming more land.
